India Population

India population 2017

During 2017 India population is projected to increased by 16 822 650 people and reach 1 353 014 094 in the beginning of 2018. The natural increase is expected to be positive, as the number of births will exceed the number of deaths by 17 370 489. If external migration will remain on the previous year level, the population will be declined by 547 838 due to the migration reasons. It means that the number of people who leave India to settle permanently in another country (emigrants) will prevail over the number of people who move into the country (to which they are not native) in order to settle there as permanent residents (immigrants).

Population change rates in 2017

According to our estimations, daily change rates of India population in 2017 will be the following:

• 74 717 live births average per day (3 113.20 in an hour)
• 27 127 deaths average per day (1 130.27 in an hour)
• -1 501 emigrants average per day (-62.54 in an hour)

The population of India will be increased by 46 089 persons daily in 2017.

Demographics of India 2016

As of 1 January 2017, the population of India was estimated to be 1 336 191 444 people. This is an increase of 1.26 % (16 613 486 people) compared to population of 1 319 577 958 the year before. In 2016 the natural increase was positive, as the number of births exceeded the number of deaths by 17 154 513. Due to external migration, the population declined by 541 027. The sex ratio of the total population was 1.068 (1 068 males per 1 000 females) which is higher than global sex ratio. The global sex ratio in the world was approximately 1 016 males to 1 000 females as of 2016.

Below are the key figures for India population in 2016:

• 26 932 586 live births
• 9 778 073 deaths
• Natural increase: 17 154 513 people
• Net migration: -541 027 people
• 689 910 921 males as of 31 December 2016
• 646 280 523 females as of 31 December 2016

India population density

India population density is 406.5 people per square kilometer as of July 2017. Density of population is calculated as permanently settled population of India divided by total area of the country. Total area is the sum of land and water areas within international boundaries and coastlines of India. The total area of India is 3 287 260 km² according to the United Nations Statistics Division .

India age structure

As of the beginning of 2017 according to our estimates India had the following population age distribution:

29.7

64.9

5.5

	- percentage of population under 15
	- percentage of population between 15 and 64 years old
	- percentage of population 65+

In absolute figures (estimate):

• 396 488 087 young people under 15 years old ( 210 623 857 males / 185 864 230 females)
• 866 854 199 persons between 15 and 64 years old ( 448 051 715 males / 418 802 484 females)
• 72 849 158 persons above 64 years old ( 34 647 444 males / 38 201 713 females)

We prepared a simplified model of the population distribution pyramid which is broken down into 3 main age groups. The groups are the same as we used above: population under 15, between 15 and 64 and population which is over 65 year old.

65+

15-64

0-14

male

female

Note: The pyramid provided is not corresponding to data given above because the age groups have different number of years.

As we can see the India population pyramid has an expanding type. This type of pyramid is common for developing countries with high birth and death rates. Relatively short life expectancy, as well as low level of education and poor health care are also describe such kind of population age distribution model.

Source: The estimation data for section "India age structure" is based on the latest demographic and social statistics by United Nations Statistics Division .

Age dependency ratio

Dependency ratio of population is a ratio of people who are generally not in the labor force (the dependents) to workforce of a country (the productive part of population). The dependent part includes the population under 15 years old and people aged 65 and over. The productive part of population accordingly consists of population between 15 and 64 years.

This ratio shows the pressure on productive population produced by the dependent part of population.

The total dependency ratio of population in India is 54.1 %.

What does this value mean? It shows that the dependent part of population is more than a half of the working part. It means that the working population (labor force) in India must provide goods for itself and cover expenditure on children and aged persons (this population is more than a half of working population). The value of more than 50% shows that the pressure on productive population in India is relatively high.

Child dependency ratio

Child dependency ratio is a ratio of people below working age (under 15) to workforce of a country.

Child dependency ratio in India is 45.7 %.

Aged dependency ratio

Aged dependency ratio is a ratio of people above working age (65+) to workforce of a country.

Aged dependency ratio in India is 8.4 %.

Source: The estimation data for section "India age dependency ratio" is based on the latest demographic and social statistics by United Nations Statistics Division .

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth is one of the most important demographic indicator. It shows the number of years a newborn infant would live assuming that birth and death rates will remain at the same level during the whole lifetime.

Total life expectancy (both sexes) at birth for India is 66.8 years.
This is below the average life expectancy at birth of the global population which is about 71 years (according to Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations).

Male life expectancy at birth is 65.8 years.
Female life expectancy at birth is 68 years.

Literacy of population

According to our estimates 677 911 669 persons or 72.14% of adult population (aged 15 years and above) in India are able to read and write. Accordingly about 261 791 687 adults are illiterate.

Literacy rate for adult male population is 80.95% (390 725 661 persons). 91 973 498 are illiterate.
Literacy rate for adult female population is 62.84% (287 186 007 persons). 169 818 190 are illiterate.

Youth literacy rates are 91.83% and 87.24% for males and females accordingly. The overall youth literacy rate is 89.65%. Youth literacy rate definition covers the population between the ages of 15 to 24 years.

Source: The estimation data for section "India population literacy" is based on the latest data published by UNESCO Institute for Statistics (retrieved March 13, 2016) .